School Up Till Now

First two Weeks of School! 

During science class we have learned different things up till now including concepts that include Electricity. Our first task this year was to build a simple motor. At first I was confused not knowing what exactly I needed to build, but after I accessed google.com, all my questions were answered! The hard part was to chose what type of motor I needed to build, which one was I going to choose? What materials should I use? I looked at the following websites for help, and to help me get the entire concept of the motors;

• http://www.simplemotor.com/
• http://www.oblatos.com.br/firewall/denied.htm
• http://www.sfu.ca/phys/demos/demoindex/eandm/em5k/simple_motor.html

These two websites help me a lot to know more information, what materials to use and they answered all of my question! The picture of a motor that inspired me to bulid my motor was in the first website, very much like this one:

Although mine had a different layout with the batter, the wire and everything was inspired by his image, and this one too:

     I had to go search for all my materials with my father, and we had to take the rubber layer around the copper wire off, and then put everything together. It was really hard to get everything just right, and I had mager difficulties to make the circule copper wire spin 360 degrees, min only spun 180 degrees. I personally did like to make the motor, and it was fun to play with it, and to try to fix it, it gave my head something to think about. 

     When the time came to show and bring your motor to class I was really excited to show mine, and excited to see what my class mates did. I saw all types of motor, different designs, and some worked, and a few didn't. One problem that everyone had was that our motors battery would last very little because we didn't have a resistor in our circuit. 

   All the different parts of a motor included the battery, the wire, magnets, and something to hold it together (rubber band, paper clips, etc.) The different parts of a circuit are; a battery, wire, resistor, receptor (light bulb), and a switch (which in our motors our switches were just us disconnecting the wire off the battery). A perfect picture of a circuit is the following, keeping in mind that there is also a parallel circuit! 

    Afterwards we learned how it works, and we magnetized a nail, and we learned all the parts of a wire, a circuit, and over all I enjoyed this unit, although at first it was still a little confusing, I managed to understand. If you have nothing to do, go ahead and build your won simple motor, or go for a challenge!! Please feel free to comment bellow! 

Picture links;

• http://www.google.com.br/imgres?hl=pt-BR&gbv=2&biw=1280&bih=559&tbm=isch&tbnid=zV3YmwaeMgkgUM:&imgrefurl=http://www.haskell.org/happy/&docid=hOU8MdARbY0ESM&imgurl=http://www.haskell.org/happy/Happy.gif&w=213&h=237&ei=v9BgT6_zMIrBtgfL7JTGCA&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=805&vpy=199&dur=1463&hovh=189&hovw=170&tx=97&ty=113&sig=106642442060648060465&page=1&tbnh=157&tbnw=141&start=0&ndsp=10&ved=1t:429,r:3,s:0
• http://www.google.com.br/imgres?hl=pt-BR&gbv=2&biw=1280&bih=559&tbm=isch&tbnid=D_OXKhjXLW-sYM:&imgrefurl=http://www.rkm.com.au/animations/animation-electrical-circuit.html&docid=7E-dtakXdvSvGM&imgurl=http://www.rkm.com.au/ANIMATIONS/animation-graphics/circuit-diagram.jpg&w=300&h=203&ei=AdBgT_yED8OM2gW9k_G0CA&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=453&vpy=157&dur=710&hovh=162&hovw=240&tx=129&ty=108&sig=106642442060648060465&page=1&tbnh=118&tbnw=170&start=0&ndsp=21&ved=1t:429,r:2,s:0
• 
  

Electric and Magnetics Quiz!!

       Lately we have been learning different things in about electricity and magnetics and we all in class made our own quizes. Here is mine! I hope you do it, and good luck if you do it! Feel free to leave any comment, and if you want your answers to be checked by me then in that last part note down your email with your answers and I'll email you as soon as possible with your results. I take your security very seriously, so don't worry about email hacking or me sharing your email in any kind of way! Thank you and try your best! ;) heres the link for the quiz! 


https://docs.google.com/spreadsheet/viewform?formkey=dEFvZTFiSElaRWw5VUx1TXlfV2taQ2c6MQ

Egg Lab Post!

     Intruduction/Procedures: In class we have been talking about Osmosis and Diffusion and we decided that we were to test to see how it works by butting an egg in a liquid substance and see what happens. With my group we have decided that we would put the egg in corn syrup and in alcahol. So in the first day we have put the eggs in vinigar for 24 hours and waitined till the next day, the whole point of this is so that the shell out disolve and we would have only the egg inside it´s membrane. Then we would measure the weight and circumfrence. Then we would add 80ml of each of the liquids, in my case it was alcahol and one egg in one cup, and then cornsyrup and an egg in one cup. we would measure the same data each day for 3 days, the circumfrence, weight and how much liquid there was. In the end we would pop the egg and then we would see how each egg would look like in the inside. the data I colected in my table is the following:

Egg Lab (Rafael, Linn, Bianca)
Type of cell	Measurements	Day 1	Day 2	Day 3
Alcohol	Mass	Put the eggs in the vinegar for 24 hours	80 grams	74 grams
	Circumference		16cm	15cm
	mL		80 mL	65 mL
Corn Syrup	Mass	Put the eggs in the vinegar for 24 hours	74 grams	72.9 grams
	Circumference		16cm	16cm
	mL		80mL	78mL

Egg Lab (Carme, Vitor, Barbara)
Type of cell	Measurements	Day 1	Day 2	Day 3
Alcohol	Mass	Put the eggs in the vinegar for 24 hours	70 grams	63 grams
	Circumference		14cm	13cm
	mL		80 mL	15 mL
Corn Syrup	Mass	Put the eggs in the vinegar for 24 hours	75 grams	72 grams
	Circumference		15.5cm	14cm
	mL		80mL	75mL

Egg Lab (Girlany, Isabella, Bruno)
Type of cell	Measurements	Day 1	Day 2	Day 3
Alcohol	Mass	Put the eggs in the vinegar for 24 hours	70 grams	65 grams
	Circumference		14cm	15cm
	mL		80 mL	56 mL
Corn Syrup	Mass	Put the eggs in the vinegar for 24 hours	73 grams	72.4 grams
	Circumference		16cm	16cm
	mL		80mL	70mL

    Conclution: My opservations were that both my eggs were decreasing, it could have been that the substance inside the egg got out, and then the substance outside could also go in the egg, and also because the liquid could have evaporated, specially the alcahol. The substances were going from a high concentration to a low, which this could also be called passive transportation. Other groups that would have the same liquids (alcahol, corn syrup) like my group would have the same results.

Observations of each egg:

- Alcahol:  As the days would pass by
we would see that the egg would shrink, and the egg would get whiter and whiter, and also the yolk seemed to fell harder aswell. When the egg was opened we would see that the egg was hardened and it seemed like a boiled egg. We would also see that it smelled a lot like alcohol, so some alcohol must have entered through some of the eggs membrane.

- Corn Syrup: We would see that the eggs color would change into this golden color, and then we would see that the egg was getting harder completely including the yolk. The Corn Syrup outside would loose its consistesy make it more liquidy, but we supposed that the main corn syrup would get inside the egg. When we opened the egg we would see that the yolk was golden yet transperent, and also it was all hard, including the yolk, the textrue was like the inside of a gummy bear. It smellled a lot like corn syrup, but diluted.

Evaluation:

I think my group did a very good job, but sometimes we spilled a few materials and then we had to predict how much we spilled and then fill it back in. over all it was pretty well! :)

Try this at home its very cool!Warning: it will stink! 

Life Boat Speech

                                             Mitochondria 

        In class we decided that we would study more deeply  the organelles in the cells systems. Then we split the class in about 3 parts, we each got an organelle, but the idea was to explain why our organelle is crucial for the cells functioning, or survival. So we would present our speech imagining that the cell is a boat, so we would defend ourselves to not be thrown over board, cause if your speech is week you wouldn't be considered important.  I knew I had to get straight down to work so that I could save myself to stay inside the boat! 

         I'm the Mitochondria, one of the most important organelles in the whole cell system! I'm known for being the energy power of the whole cells system! Without me the whole cell won't have energy, in a conclusion for every other organelles job is, it takes energy so no other organelle would be able to function with me! Especially the ribosomes, ribosomes are made to make the cell proteins to feed the cell. But as I mentioned before he would need energy to make the proteins for the cell. The cell is a consistency of proteins but together. Without the proteins the cell wouldn't even exist, and to make proteins again you would need the energy made by me, the Mitochondria! 

What organelle in the cells system interests you the most? If any questions of the Mitochondria please leave a comment and I would be glad to answer any questions! :)

                                    

Types of Cells 2

      So in class we have now studied Cells. I though I knew a lot about cells, but theres always something new to learn bout them. I learned that there are two types of cells; Eukaryotic cells, and Prokaryotic cells. There are both cells but not the same basically. 
      We have learned that there is a cell theory which is divided into 3 points:
1. All living things are composed of living cells
2. All living cells arise from pre-existing cells
3.Cells are produced from another living cell






    So when talking about Prokaryotic cells there are different things that can describe a Prokaryotic cell. First of all Prokaryotic cells are unicellular cells. Second of all there are known for being simpler cells. By simpler I mean it has no organelles, like the nucleus, or chloroplast lysosomes etc. An example of a Prokaryotic cell is a bacteria. Prokaryotic cells have a flagellum, which helps them move, some pillies that also help them move. Also the Prokaryotic cells have a cell membrane, cell wall, and a capslue for protection. 

Eukaryotic cells are more complecated then that. It splits into two sections, animal cells, and plant cells. 


Animal cells: They are quit different then the plant cells. Plant cells have Chloroplasts, and they as well have a cell wall that is also another fount of protection. Animal cells have a tendency of being seen round or in some other structure that is close to a circle. All the organelles included in Animal Cells are; mitochondria ( the organelle that gives the cell energy), Lysosomes ( the organelle that digests the cells waste), nucleus (the head of the cell), Ribosomes ( produces protein), Golgi apparatus ( does the packing for the cell to prepare anything to send it out of the cell), Endoplasmic Reticulum (sends anything around the cell), Vacuole (were stuff of the cell is stored),



Plant cells: They are very much like the animal cell, only that it has more of a rectangular figure, or an oval figure. The plant cell has all the same organelles except it rarely has the Golgi Apparatus, and plant cells have a cell wall, and  Chloroplasts. Chloroplasts tern photosynthesis into "food" for the cell. 

If I were to choose which cell type to be I would like to be a Eukaryotic animal cell, simply because i have them in me, and I wouldn't want to really be something much different. 

Plus check this awesome video of fungus growing from an ant! Turning them into Ant Zombies!  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XuKjBIBBAL8&feature=player_embedded

Meals on Wheels

       So in class we have reviewed on Nutrients, as I posted my review on nutrients in a preview post. So what we were informed is that a specialist named Sarah Jones has a new idea in a project called "Meals on Wheels". What she expected from us is that she gave us three options of menus and we have to choose which one applied to which diet. 

   
      Her exact word where, "My name is Sarah Jones and I own 'Meals on Wheels'. We deliver pre-made well balanced meals to a wide range of customers, including brand new moms, senior citizens and people who work at home, all having one thing in common: not enough time to go to the store, get fresh ingredients, cook and eat well every day. 
      We're pretty well established and have many customers. Our program normally include breakfast, lunch and dinner. They are delivered fresh and each meal is labeled with complete nutritional information. 

      After many requests, we decided to include two diet menus on our list: a healthy and balanced menu that fit a long term weight loss program and a one week quick weight loss menu. We asked 3 different nutritionists to develop diet menus for us and decided to hire you, a consulting company, to evaluate the menus and help us decide which ones fit what we're looking for. Be aware that you not only have to help us decide which menus to use, you also have to explain to our directors' board the reasons behind your choices. They'll probably ask questions so be prepared to answer them. 
      We want to add this new menu to our list as soon as possible so you have these four days to meet and study them well. The presentations will be on Monday." 


So in my group there was me; which I researched some more in nutrients and how many proportions of each do we need in out daily diets. Karina; our leader that made sure that everyone did their jobs. Georgia; that was in charge of helping in extras in research. Then we have Rafael; he was in charge of getting everyones information and put it together in a Power Point, which he made a good job in. My job was to later make a poster about my research, as shown in the picture below. As well as the menus are added in the left side of the picture in the poster. 


         

Nutrients Review

Nutrients-
       Nutrients are simply described in the following way, "Nutrients are chemical elements that are essential to plant and animal nutrition. Nitrogen and phosphorus are nutrients that are important to aquatic life, but in high concentrations they can be contaminants in water. These nutrients occur in a variety of forms. Both are affected by chemical and biological processes that can change their form and can transfer them to or from water, soil, biological organisms, and the atmosphere." - Mueller and Helsel, 1996. 


The nutrients are the following:
-Carbohydrates-
-Protein-
-Lipids (fats and oils)-
-Vitamins-
-Minerals-
-Water-


Carbohydrates-
In carbohydrates there are two types, simple, and complex. Simple carbohydrates give you short term energy, and complex give you long term energy. It is very important to add in your diet. Carbohydrates are made out of Oxygen, Carbon, and Hydrogen. 


Protein-
Proteins are made of amino acids. Also, carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen. You need to proteins for your diet too, but not as much as you need your carbohydrates. Proteins also help you in your growth and your maintains for your muscles. Wheat, corn, rice, and beans are considered proteins but they are low, meat fish, milk and fish are considered rich in protein. 


Lipids- 
Lipids are used for chemical reactions and they make up cells. There are two types, saturated and non-saturated. Saturated in slid in room tempter, and non- saturated in liquid.butter is an example of saturated fats, and vegetable oils. 


Vitamins- 
There are 6 types of vitamins, A,B,C,D,E, and K. They all have different functions for your body. You don't digest vitamins because they are too small. They are also crucial for your diet, they help you universally around your body. 


Minerals- 
minerals are also very small like vitamins, and they are also used universally around your body, and the main minerals are calcium, zion,